Winter driving can be challenging with unpredictable conditions like snow, ice, and fading daylight that increase the likelihood of accidents. Both drivers and pedestrians need to understand these risks to ensure their safety during the chilly months.
Impact of Winter Weather on Road Safety
The Federal Highway Administration reports that winter conditions contribute to approximately 24% of weather-related crashes, primarily on snowy, slushy, or icy roads. Active snowfall accounts for another 15%. These conditions significantly reduce traction and visibility, making vehicle control more difficult.
Black ice is one such hazard—thin and nearly invisible, it can catch even the most experienced drivers unawares, causing loss of control. Each year, over 150,000 crashes in the U.S. are attributed to icy roads, resulting in more than 550 fatalities.
Furthermore, early sunsets during winter months lead to reduced visibility after the workday. This diminishes the ability to see pedestrians, particularly those wearing dark clothing on obstructed sidewalks. Alarmingly, nearly 80% of pedestrian fatalities occur at night, with winter conditions exacerbating this issue.
Common Driving Mistakes in Cold Weather
Many winter accidents can be avoided if drivers take necessary precautions. A frequently overlooked safety measure is thoroughly removing snow and ice from vehicles. Leftover snow can obstruct the driver’s view or fly off and hit other vehicles. In states like New Jersey and Pennsylvania, failing to clear snow is a punishable offense.
Other dangerous practices include speeding, tailgating, and neglecting to use headlights in poor visibility. Sudden movements, like abrupt turns or braking, can lead to skids, especially on roads that haven't been treated.
Rural Roads and the Added Dangers for Large Vehicles
Drivers in rural areas face particular challenges during winter. These roads are less frequently treated, and snow accumulates quickly on bridges and overpasses. With longer emergency response times, accidents can have severe consequences.
Large trucks pose additional hazards. These vehicles require more distance to stop, and even cautious braking on icy roads may be inadequate. The risk of jackknife accidents—where the trailer swings out of alignment—is high, potentially leading to pileups. The Federal Highway Administration estimates over 1,800 deaths annually from crashes on snow- or ice-covered roads, many involving trucks.
Staying Focused in Difficult Conditions
Distractions are deadly for both drivers and pedestrians in winter conditions. Drivers adjust heaters, defrost windows, or use navigation systems, while pedestrians may be focused on avoiding slips or navigating snow-laden paths. This collective inattention can lead to accidents.
Children and older adults face heightened risks. Kids walking to school in dark mornings are not easily visible, especially in non-reflective clothing. Older adults struggle with balance on icy sidewalks and slower reactions when crossing streets.
Precautions for Driving and Walking Safely
To enhance road safety during winter, drivers should clear snow from their entire vehicle, drive slower, and maintain distance from other vehicles. Gentle braking is more effective than sudden stops on slippery surfaces. Keep an emergency kit in your car, including essentials like a scraper, blanket, flashlight, and sand or kitty litter for traction.
Pedestrians can improve safety by wearing bright or reflective clothing and using crosswalks. Avoid distractions, such as phone use, while crossing streets, especially in low visibility.
When Accidents Occur, Seek Legal Advice
Despite taking precautions, accidents may still happen during winter. These often result in complex injury claims. If you or a loved one are involved in a winter accident, consulting a personal injury lawyer is crucial. An attorney will help navigate insurance disputes and ensure fair compensation for medical expenses and lost income.
Don't hesitate to seek legal assistance to understand your rights after a winter accident.